Public accountability exist when there is a relationship where an individual or body, and performance of tasks or functions by that individual or body, are subject to another’s oversight, direction or request that they provide information or justification for their actions. Any nation whose leaders are not accountable to its citizens will find it difficult …
Human resource management is concerned with the recruitment, selection, controlling, motivation, training and development of human resources in an organization to achieve the goals or objectives of the organizations. Human resource is the most important asset of any organization; its management is seen as an integral part of the general management activities of organizations. The …
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Motivation is simply the work a manager performs to inspire, encourage and induce workers to take a required action. In an organization, incentives are used to motivate workers to do their work diligently and effectively. These incentives include money, job security, status and recognition. The incentives become very effective when they are related or have …
Organizational structure refers to the groupings of an organizations functions, positions and operations. Typically, organizations express their structures visually on an organizational chart. Chart shows the positions within an organization, the roles they play and the relationship between them-including supervisory relationships. Focusing on organizational structure and its design helps organizations to gain clarity on what …
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Decision making is simply the thought process of selecting a logical choice from available options. Decision making in an organization involves the process of taking action by some officials or body to approve, modify or reject a preferred position on issue or group of issues.Decision making is the selection of course of action among alternatives. …
Local government autonomy means that a local government should exist as an independent entity in the sense of being able to exercise its own will in the conduct of its affairs. It also implies that the local governments posses the power to take decision within the limits of the law that established it without being …
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Development administration is defined as the aspect of public administration in which the focus of attention is on organizing and administering public agencies in such a way as to stimulate and facilitate defined programmes for social and economic development or progress. It is also a process of guiding organizations towards the attainment of development objectives …
It is conventional among scholars of administration to distinguish between formal and informal organization. Formal Organization: a formal organization is an organization that is specifically established for the purpose of achieving certain goals. It possesses rules and regulations for the achievement of those goals. It is deliberately planned, designed and duly sanctioned by established competent …
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There has been an intellectual debate on the issue of politics and administration dichotomy since the emergence of public administration as an activity and field of study. As Ademolekun (1986:13), notes that: There is hardly a basic textbook published since the emergence of the discipline of public administration as a distinct field of study at …
Public policy is a definite and purposeful course of an action selected or adopted by the government and its institution from among alternatives to solve or address a given societal problem. Usually societies at a given point in time are confronted with problems and government is always seen formulating and implementing policies to solve them. …
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